The vegetable kingdom, or, The structure, classification, and uses of plants : illustrated upon the natural system / by John Lindley ; with upwards of five hundred illustrations.

  • Lindley, John, 1799-1865.
Date:
MDCCCXLVIII [1847]
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: The vegetable kingdom, or, The structure, classification, and uses of plants : illustrated upon the natural system / by John Lindley ; with upwards of five hundred illustrations. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by King’s College London. The original may be consulted at King’s College London.

    39/990
    JlSSIEU.] 69. Guttifer®, 400 70. Aurantiu, 437 71. Meli®, 463 7*2. Vites, 439 73. Gerania, 493 74. Malvace®. 368 73. Magnolia?, 417 76. Anon®, 420 77. Menisperma, 307 78. Berberides, 437 79. Tiliace®,37l 80. Cisti, 349 81. Rutace®, 469 8*2. Cary ophy lie®, 496 Class XIV. 53. Semperviv®, 344 54. Saxifrng®, 507 85. Cacti, 746 86. Portulace®, 500 87. Ficoide®, 5*25 88. Onagr®, 724 89. Myrti, 734 90. Melastom®, 731 91. Salicari®, 574 92. Rosace®, 563 93. Leguuiinos®, 544 94. Terebintacc®, 465 95. Rhamni, 581 Class XV. 96. Eupborbi®, 274 97. Cucurbitace®, 311 98. Urtic®, 258 99. Amentace®, 248 100. Conifer®, 226 1810. Brown, Robert—(Prodromus Flores Novce Hollandice, tfcc.) In this work the system of Jussieu is principally followed, but the Classes are omitted, and the sequence of the Orders is changed. The author states that he regards most of the Orders of Jussieu as being truly natural, but his classes, as the latter candidly admits, often artificial, and apparently founded upon doubtful principles. It was the intention of Dr. Brown to publish a second volume of his work, and then to explain his views upon this and other subjects ; but that intention has not yet been carried into execution. It is here that we find the importance of the aestivation of the flower pointed out, and applied to the characters of Natural Orders. Those characters have been a model for succeeding writers. 1813. De Candolle, A. P.—(Theorie Flemcntaire de la Botanique, ou Exposition des Principes de la Classification Naturelle et de VArt de decrire et d'etudier les Vegetaux). In this work is to be found the explanation of the principles which guided its clear- minded author to the construction of a method of arrangement which has now almost superseded all others, partly because of its easiness and simplicity, and most especially because it is that which has been followed in the author’s Prodromus, or celebrated description of species. He himself explains the course he has taken, to the following effect:—“ I place Dicotyledons first, because they have the greatest numbers of distinct and separate organs. Then, as I find families where some of these organs become con- solidated, and consequently seem to disappear, I refer them to a lower rank. This principle gives me the following series:— 1. Dicotyledons; polypetalous and hypogynous. 2. ; and perigynous. 3. ; monopetalous and perigynous. 4. ; and hypogynous. 5. ; apetalous, or with a single perianth. 6 Monocotyledons; phaenogamous. 7. ; cryptogamous. 8. Acotyledons ; leafy and sexual. 9. ; leafless and without any known sexes. I have adopted this series partly because I think it that which is least removed from a natural sequence, and partly because it is convenient and easy for study. But let no one imagine that I attach the least importance to it. The true science of general Natural History consists in the study of the symmetry peculiar to each family, and of the relation which these families bear to each other. All the rest is merely a scaffolding, better or worse suited to accomplish that end.”—p. 206, first edition. At this time Be Candolle made no attempt to combine the Natural Orders in Alli- ances ; but at a later period (1819), in a second edition of the Theorie, he proposed a few such groups, under the name of Cohorts, as will be seen by the following list of his Orders, taken from the edition of 11119. In that of 1844, published by his son after his death, these Cohorts are all broken up, and considerable alterations are made in the sequence of the Natural Orders. I, however, prefer publishing his plan of forming Alli- ances, rather than his last list, even although that does give his latest views of affinity. 1. Vastt-lar or Cotylk- DO*or;8 Plawth ; that is to *ay. furnished with cellular tissue and ves- sels, and whose embryo is provided with one or more cotyledons. 1. Exogens or Dicotyle- dons ; that is to say, wheie the vessels are arranged in concentric, layers, of which the youngest are the onter- most, and where the embryo has opposite or verticillate cotyledons. V. Perianth double ; that is, where the calyx and corolla are distinct. THALAMIFUm.C i’etals distinct, inserted on the receptacle. Cohort I. Carpels nu- merous, or stamens op- posite the petals. 1. Pnnunculace®, 425 2. Dilleniace®, 423 3. Magnoliacc®. 417 4. Anonace®, 420 5. Menispenne®, .307 6. Berberidc®, 437 7. Podopliyllc®, 430 8. Nymph®nce®, 409 Cohort II. Cnrpels soli- tary or consolidated, placont® parietal. 9. Papaveracero, 4.30 10. Fumariacem, 4.35 11. Crucifer®, .351 12. Capparide®, .357 13. rincourtinnete, 327 11. Possiflore®, .332 15. Violnce®, 338 16. Polygale®, .375 17. Resednce®, .356 18. Droscrace®, 433 19. Frankenince®, 340 20. Cistinc®, 340 Cohort III. Ovary soli- | tary, placenta central. 21. Caryophyllew, 406 122. Line®, 485 23. Mnlvncc®, 368 24. (‘Menace®, 486 125. Byttnerlncow, .363 26. fSterculince®. 360 27. Tiliacere, .371 28. Fil®ocarpo®, .371 29. Hnpindnce®, 382 30. Hippocastane®, 382