Introduction to chemical methods of clinical diagnosis / by H. Tappeiner.

  • Tappeiner, H. von (Hermann von), 1847-1927.
Date:
1898
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Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Introduction to chemical methods of clinical diagnosis / by H. Tappeiner. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    Encapsulated diplococci staining bg Grant s method {as well as by the basic anilines in general) are en- coimtered in almost every sample of sputum examined. They only acqnire diagnostic signißcance when present in great tminbers and to the almost eoinplete exelusion of other organisms. C. STREPTOCOCCI The same remark applies to these organisms as that just made with reference to Fraenkel's pneumo- coccus. For their appearance see hg. 16. They have the same staining reactions as that organism. They are often found in catarrhal pneiimonia. D. INFLUENZA BACILLI These are readily recognisable by their minute size (their length being only one-third of that of a tubercle bacillus), their regulär rod shape, and the vast numbers in which they occur in the sputum. They will gene- rally be found to stain rather feebly in methylene blue. Carbol-fuchsin diluted five times, or strong aqueous gentian-violet, stains them better. Gram’s method is not applicable. E. SEDIMENTATION METHOD FOR DETECTING SMALL -NUMBERS OF TUBERCLE BACILLI AVhen the bacilli are few i)i number and diÖ'used through a large volume of sputum, they may escape detection by the above process. A good plan in such cases is to mix a considerable amount—about 20 c.c. or more—of sputum with an equal volume of water in a beaker, which is then put on the water-bath and kept near the boiling-point for a quarter of an hour. By that time the mixture will have lost its viscidity and bccome converted into a thin turbid liquid, which