Physiology practicums : explicit directions for examining portions of the cat, and the heart, eye, and brain of the sheep, as an aid in the study of elementary physiology.

  • Wilder, Burt G. (Burt Green), 1841-1925.
Date:
1895
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Physiology practicums : explicit directions for examining portions of the cat, and the heart, eye, and brain of the sheep, as an aid in the study of elementary physiology. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the Gerstein Science Information Centre at the University of Toronto, through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the Gerstein Science Information Centre, University of Toronto.

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    PHYSIOLOGY PRACTICUMS. PART I. PRACTICUM I : THE CAT : ITS FORM AND CERTAIN PARTS OF ITS STRUCTURE. PLATES REQUIRED : I—IV. §i. Comparison of the Cat with Man.—At one of the earlier lec- tures of the course the cat's form, attitude and mode of progression, and the main features of its skeleton, were compared with those of man. Ex- amine the mounted skeleton. Manipulate the specimen. Press upon the regions where bony prominences exist. Move the limbs as wholes and at their joints. Verify the statements made at the lecture and note addi- tional points of resemblance and difference if possible. a. The preserved specimen is less well-adapted for these topographic observations than the freshly-killed animal. Still more may be learned from the living cat, provided it and the observer are on such confidential terms as to permit unrestricted manipulation. §2. The Leg.—Recognize the three JOINTS, proximal, the HIP, distal, the ANKLE, and intermediate, the KNEE, demarcating as many segments, viz, the THIGH with its single bone, FEMUR ; the LEG proper (sometimes called cms] with its two bones TIBIA and FIBULA, and the FOOT (pes) composed of several small bones. § 3. One or both of the heels should retain a piece of the tendo Achillis, seen on the right in Fig. i. Also at the knee should be retained the PATELLA or uknee-pan (PL I and Fig. i) a movable bone attached by a strong ligament to the head of the tibia, and giving insertion to the muscles on the front of the thigh. § 4. At the sides of the left patella cut carefully into the knee joint. Then cut transversely so as to separate the leg proper from the thigh. Note that the apposed ends of the femur and tibia present a bluish white cov- ering of CARTILAGE (gristle). This forms an elastic cushion like a buffer, to lessen the shock in moving and especially in alighting from a height. a. Shave off a thin slice of cartilage ; hold it to the light and note its transllicence. b. In a freshly killed animal the interior of the joints would present a moist surface due to the SYNOVIA secreted by the lining membrane. § 5. Removing the Thigh.—a. Move the left thigh to and fro so as