Experimental researches on the central localization of the sympathethic with a critical review of its anatomy and physiology / by B. Onuf and Joseph Collins.

  • Onuf, Bronislaw.
Date:
[Utica, N.Y.] :
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Licence: In copyright

Credit: Experimental researches on the central localization of the sympathethic with a critical review of its anatomy and physiology / by B. Onuf and Joseph Collins. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by King’s College London. The original may be consulted at King’s College London.

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    they contribute materially. Their size varies considerably, and when one branch is smaller than common, another will be found increased in size, as if to compensate for the shortcoming. There are some differences in the dispo- sition of the nerves of the right and left sides, but in its course on the neck, the right upper cardiac nerve has relatively the same position and relations as the left one, being placed in the back of the carotid sheath. 2. —Middle Cervical Ganglion.—This ganglion, the smallest of the cervical ganglia, is placed on the sympa- thetic cord at or near the spot where it crosses the inferior thyroid artery, about opposite the sixth or seventh cervical vertebra. It is usually connected by gray branches with the fifth and sixth cervical spinal nerves, and with the superior and inferior cervical ganglia. It gives off thyroid branches which form the inferior thyroid plexus and the middle cardiac nerve. The latter in its course to the cardiac plexus gives off filaments to the recurrent branch of the pneumogastric, to the upper cardiac nerve, and to the thyroid branches of the middle cervical ganglia. 3. —Lower or Inferior Cervical Ganglion.—This gan- glion is irregular in shape, usually somewhat flattened and round, or semilunar, and is frequently united to the' first thoracic ganglion, the common mass being described as the first thoracic ganglion by many authors. It lies over the first costo-vertebral articulation in the lateral angle between the subclavian and vertebral arteries. The connecting cord between the middle and lower cervi- cal ganglia usually passes behind the vertebral artery, but in some cases, especially on the left side, the intergan- glionic cord forms a ring around the vessel. The two ganglia are also united by the ansa subclavia (ansa Vieus- senii). The latter name is given to a small cord, often