Volume 2

General and descriptive anatomy of the domestic animals / by John Gamgee and James Law.

Date:
1861-1862
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: General and descriptive anatomy of the domestic animals / by John Gamgee and James Law. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. The original may be consulted at the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.

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    of the dorsal vertebrae. The spinalis dorsi, partly covered by the spinalis latter, extends from the anterior border of one dorsal spinous process to the posterior border of that immediately in front. The cervicalis Cemcuiis ascendens, placed on the cervical and anterior portion of the dorsal region, arises from several of the anterior dorsal spines, and is inserted by small tendons on the atlas and the articular processes of the second, third, and fourth cervical vertebras. It is also connected by muscular slips with the spines of the fifth and sixth cervical ver- tebrae. This is the chief extensor of the neck. The semispinalis Semispiuaii colli, continuous behind with the semispinalis dorsi, extends from the transverse to the spinous processes in the cervical region. Outside the latter are the intertransversales, extending from the articular intertrans processes of the anterior dorsal to those of the posterior cervical ver- tebrae. Extended along the anterior aspect of the spine is the longus colli. This muscle arises from the anterior spines and anterior Longuscoii aspects of the bodies of the cervical vertebrae, and comporting itself somewhat as in mammals, is inserted on the transverse processes of the latter. A dependence of this muscle passes from the transverse processes of the first five cervical vertebrae to the inferior spines of those immediately in front. The biventer cervicis, formed of two Biventer muscular bellies, separated by an elongated median tendon, arises from the spinous processes of some of the lowest cervical vertebrae, and is inserted into the lateral aspect of the occiput. The complexus, complex us. placed outside, and crossing the upper belly of the last muscle, arises from some of the superior cervical transverse processes, and is inserted on the occipital bone. The trachelo-mastoideus originates Trachei.. from the articular processes of the second and four succeeding cervi- cal vertebrae, and is inserted on the basilar process of the occiput. The rectus capitis anticus major, originating from the bodies of the Recti sixth, seventh, and eighth cervical vertebrae, is inserted along with thThemi.' the last muscle. The rectus capitis anticus minor is likewise repre- sented by a small slip. Small bundles represent the large and small posterior recti, and the superior oblique muscles of the head. The tail is raised and its feathers spread out by the following Muscles <>i muscles: levator coccygis, extending from the transverse process of( the sacrum to the coccygeal spines and base of the last vertebra of the tail; strong interspinales muscles, occupying the intervals between the coccygeal spines; the quadratus coccygis, extending from the transverse processes of the sacral vertebrae to the shafts of the large tail quills; the pubio coccygeus, extending from the posterior extremity . the tail.