Volume 2

General and descriptive anatomy of the domestic animals / by John Gamgee and James Law.

Date:
1861-1862
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: General and descriptive anatomy of the domestic animals / by John Gamgee and James Law. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. The original may be consulted at the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.

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    Synovial bursie. Synovial tliecse. Synovia. fat-cells, and more rarely isolated cartilage-cells. He also observed the curious 1 non-vascular secondary processes,’ described by Mr Eainey, the larger of which, he says, consists of fibres of areolar tissue in the centre, sometimes containing cartilage-cells, and a covering of irregularly thickened epithelium.” In different situations, beneath the skin, over prominences such as the shoulder and hip-joints, the areolar tissue forms imperfect sacs lubricated by an abundant secre- tion. In deeper parts, such as in the angle between the os calcis and tibia (Fig. 137), or in the angle of bifurcation of the suspensory liga- ment, behind the metacarpal or meta- tarsal bones, closed sacs are formed of condensed areolar tissue, precisely like the synovial membrane lining a joint. Many of the subcutaneous bursae differ from the more perfect and deeper ones, and are distinguished by the absence of scaly epithelium. In several parts of the body osseous grooves are formed as behind the metacarpal and metatarsal bones, in which tendons glide, and are provided with synovial sheaths, to facilitate movement. One layer of the synovial membrane, in such a situation, covers Fig i37._a morbid specimen, in which the tendon, and the other is reflected are shown the enlarged synovial bursai, 1, ..... . , between the tibia, 3, and os calcis, 4. Oil the Sides Ot a Canal 01' gl’OOVe, in Also a synovial sheath, enlarged as the . „ , ™ result of disease, and situated in the space which tile teildOll IS IOUnCl. llie between and behind the metatarsal bones, ... , „ , . , ,, large, 7, and smau, o. parietal and reflected parts are thus connected by folds or ‘ frsena.’ The secretion constantly formed within joints is essential to their free movement, and that it is abundant may be proved by the amount dis- charged in a case of open joint, especially when the injured articula- tion is permitted freedom of motion. Indeed, action seems to be the chief stimulus to the secretion, and, if a joint is placed at rest by a starched bandage or the use of splints, the amount of synovia secreted becomes at once considerably less. The characters of synovia are somewhat different when secreted in a joint at rest or in motion. Thus Frericlis found in 1000 parts of synovia