Handbook on contagious and infectious diseases in animals / issued by the Quartermaster General's Branch, Army Headquarters, India.

Date:
1936
Catalogue details

Licence: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Credit: Handbook on contagious and infectious diseases in animals / issued by the Quartermaster General's Branch, Army Headquarters, India. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    17/488 (page 7)
    The virus may be attenuated by— (1) Heat, e.g., Anthrax, Quarter-ill. (2) Drying, e.g., Rabies. (3) Passing it through other animals, e.g., Swine erysipelas. (Through Rabbits.) (4) Addition of chemical agents, e.g., Tetanus, a solution of Iodine being used. (5) Prolonged cultivation on artificial media, ¢.g., Fowl cholera. (6) Unknown causes in the bodies of sick or re- covered animals, e.g., Rinderpest bile, or the blood of recovered cases of Texas fever. An attenuated virus is termed a “ Vaccine .” The use of vaccines for the prevention of disease is year by year becoming more general. The usual proce- dure is to begin with a very weakened virus and _ to increase the strength at successive inoculations until the pure virus can be successfully resisted. (d) Sero-virus inoculation, the serum of an im- munised animal and virus of the disease being used either simultaneously (e.g., serum on one side of the body and virus on the other) or serum first followed by virus. 9? ‘Passive immunity is produced by inoculation of varying quantities of serum taken from an animal immunised by any of the above-mentioned methods of conferring active immunity. The immunity conferred by the use of a serum is very transient, and therefore for prevention of disease it is only of value during an outbreak. Its action is soon established, and we are enabled to tide over a critical time (e.g., Rinderpest). In outbreaks it is often necessary to repeat serum imoculations (e.g., Rinderpest every ten days). Sera