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117 results
  • Cell division
  • New life - Cell division
  • Human chromosomes during cell division
  • Neuroblast cell division in embryo, confocal
  • Desmid Micrasterias denticulata undergoing cell division
  • Human cells showing the stages of cell division
  • Cell division and gene expression in plant cells
  • Movie: cell division in chick neural tube
  • Movie: stem cell division and neuronal birth
  • Cell division in a live zebrafish embryo
  • Cell division and gene expression in the
  • Asymmetric cell division in a live zebrafish embryo
  • Asymmetric cell division in a live zebrafish embryo.
  • Symmetric cell division in a live zebrafish embryo
  • Human cells showing the stages of cell division starting with interphase at the top. Progressing down, the stages shown are: prophase, metaphase (chromosomes all attached and aligned), anaphase (chromosome separation)and telophase (formation of midbody and cells begin to flatten).
  • A gloved hand holding up a bird cage inscribed 'Blood bank' containing the HIV virus cell with the warning 'No escape for AIDS'; an advertisement issued by Ortho Diagnostic Systems, a division of Johnson & Johnson Limited. Colour lithograph, ca. 1998.
  • Human cells showing the stages of cell division starting with interphase second from the left on the top. Progressing anticlockwise the stages shown are: early prophase (centrosome not yet separated), late prophase (centrosome separated and DNA condensation), prometaphase (incomplete chromosome attachment), metaphase (chromosomes all attached and aligned), anaphase (chromosome separation), telophase (formation of midbody and cells begin to flatten), early cytokinesis (chromosomes decondensed and nuclear envelope reformed) and late cytokinesis (cells move apart).
  • Veratrum nigrum L. Melanthiaceae Distribution: Europe. Cows do not eat Veratrum species in the meadows, and human poisoning with it caused vomiting and fainting. In the 1850s it was found to reduce the heart's action and slow the pulse (Bentley, 1861, called it an 'arterial sedative'), and in 1859 it was used orally in a woman who was having convulsions due to eclampsia. Dr Paul DeLacy Baker in Alabama treated her with drops of a tincture of V. viride. She recovered. It was used thereafter, as the first choice of treatment, and, when blood pressure monitoring became possible, it was discovered that it worked by reducing the high blood pressure that occurs in eclampsia. By 1947 death rates were reduced from 30% to 5% by its use at the Boston Lying-in Hospital. It works by dilating the arteries in muscles and in the gastrointestinal circulation. A further use of Veratrum species came to light when it was noted that V. californicum - and other species - if eaten by sheep resulted in foetal malformations, in particular only having one eye. The chemical in the plant that was responsible, cyclopamine, was found to act on certain genetic pathways responsible for stem cell division in the regulation of the development of bilateral symmetry in the embryo/foetus. Synthetic analogues have been developed which act on what have come to be called the 'hedgehog signalling pathways' in stem cell division, and these 'Hedgehog inhibitors' are being introduced into medicine for the treatment of various cancers like chondrosarcoma, myelofibrosis, and advanced basal cell carcinoma. The drugs are saridegib, erismodegib and vismodegib. All the early herbals report on its ability to cause vomiting. As a herbal medicine it is Prescription Only, via a registered dentist or physician (UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA)). Photographed in the Medicinal Garden of the Royal College of Physicians, London.
  • Veratrum album L. Melanthiaceae Distribution: Europe. Cows do not eat Veratrum species in the meadows, and human poisoning with it caused vomiting and fainting. In the 1850s it was found to reduce the heart's action and slow the pulse (Bentley, 1861, called it an 'arterial sedative'), and in 1859 it was used orally in a woman who was having convulsions due to eclampsia. Dr Paul DeLacy Baker in Alabama treated her with drops of a tincture of V. viride. She recovered. It was used thereafter, as the first choice of treatment, and when blood pressure monitoring became possible, it was discovered that it worked by reducing the high blood pressure that occurs in eclampsia. By 1947 death rates were reduced from 30% to 5% by its use at the Boston Lying in Hospital. It works by dilating the arteries in muscles and in the gastrointestinal circulation. A further use of Veratrum species came to light when it was noted that V. californicum -and other species - if eaten by sheep resulted in foetal malformations, in particular only having one eye. The chemical in the plant that was responsible, cyclopamine, was found to act on certain genetic pathways responsible for stem cell division in the regulation of the development of bilateral symmetry in the embryo/foetus. Synthetic analogues have been developed which act on what have come to be called the 'hedgehog signalling pathways' in stem cell division, and these 'Hedgehog inhibitors' are being introduced into medicine for the treatment of various cancers like chondrosarcoma, myelofibrosis, and advanced basal cell carcinoma. The drugs are saridegib, erismodegib and vismodegib. All the early herbals report on its ability to cause vomiting. As a herbal medicine it is Prescription Only, via a registered dentist or physician (UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA)). Photographed in the Medicinal Garden of the Royal College of Physicians, London.
  • Taxus baccata L. Taxaceae European Yew. Trees are feminine in Latin, so while Taxus has a masculine ending (-us), its specific name, baccata (meaning 'having fleshy berries' (Stearn, 1994)), agrees with it in gender by having a female ending ( -a). Distribution: Europe. Although regarded as poisonous since Theophrastus, Gerard and his school friends used to eat the red berries (they are technically called 'arils') without harm. Johnson clearly ate the fleshy arils and spat out the seed, which is as poisonous as the leaves. It is a source of taxol, an important chemotherapeutic agent for breast and other cancers. It was first extracted from the bark of T. brevifolia, the Pacific yew tree, in 1966. About 1,100 kg of bark produces 10 g of taxol, and 360,000 trees a year would have been required for the needs of the USA – an unsustainable amount. In 1990 a precursor of taxol was extracted from the needles of the European yew so saving the Pacific trees. It is now produced in fermentation tanks from cell cultures of Taxus. Curiously, there is a fungus, Nodulisporium sylviforme, which lives on the yew tree, that also produces taxol. Because taxol stops cell division, it is also used in the stents that are inserted to keep coronary arteries open. Here it inhibits – in a different way, but like anti-fouling paint on the bottom of ships – the overgrowth of endothelial cells that would otherwise eventually block the tube. The economic costs of anticancer drugs are significant. Paclitaxel ‘Taxol’ for breast cancer costs (2012) £246 every 3 weeks
  • TEM of capillary
  • Human cell late in cytokinesis
  • Human HeLa cancer cells, cytokinesis
  • Human cell in telophase
  • Human chromosomes in telophase. The chromosomes have separated and decondensed, and the new nuclear envelope forms.
  • Human HeLa cancer cells, metaphase
  • Human HeLa cancer cell chromosome rosettes
  • Human HeLa cancer cell, tripolar mitosis
  • Human HeLa cancer cells, prometaphase
  • Human HeLa cancer cell, metaphase.